path- disease, suffering (also a suffix): pathogen, pathology. peri- around, surrounding: pericardium, perinatal, perineum, peripheral.mono- one: monoclonal, monocytes, mononucleosis.leuko- white: leukemia, leukocytes, leukopenia.hypo- under(or too little): hypocalcemia, hypodermic, hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, hypothyroidism, hypoxia.hyper- over (or too much): hyperbilirubinemia, hyperplasia, hypersensitive, hyperparathyroidism, hypertension.erythro- red: erythema, erythroblast, erythrocytes, erythroderma, erythromysin.epi- on, over: epidemic, epinephrine, epithelial.endo- inside: endemic, endogenous, endometriosis, endoscopy.dys- difficult or painful: dysfunctional, dysmenorrhea, dyspnea, dysuria.dia- across, apart, or through: diabetes, diagnosis, dialysis, diaphragm, diarrhea, diastole.bio- life: antibiotic, biologic, biopsy.anti- against: antibodies, anticoagulant, antidote, antigen, antihistamine, antiseptic, antitoxin.a-, an- without: analgesic, anemia, anesthetic, anorexic, aphasia, aseptic, asymptomatic.Then try the matching exercise at the bottom of the page. Look through the lists and try to guess the meanings of the example words. Sometimes there are several related spellings, depending on the sounds that follow. I have written most with an ‘o’ at the end, for combining with other words, but the ‘o’ is usually dropped if followed by a vowel. The second list is prefixes that refer to a particular body part or system. (Hemo- or –emia both refer to conditions of the blood path- and –pathy both refer to illness or suffering.) Many of these prefixes can be used as roots or suffixes as well. We get the English words pneumonia and pulmonary from them. Pneumo- is the base of the word for lungs in Greek pulmo- in Latin. Nephritis is kidney inflammation (from Greek). ‘Renal insufficiency’ means badly-working kidneys, and comes from Latin. That's why we have two different names for certain organs. (The western medical tradition began with Hippocrates and other Greek physicians.) It also includes more roots and prefixes worth recognizing, though less important to memorize.) Hope you enjoyed learning new words.(See Medical Suffixes. With this the lesson on root word End(o) comes to an end. Endotherm: A creature that can keep its inside temperature fairly constant. Endotitis: Inflammation of the inner ear.ġ6. Endocervicitis: Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the cervix uteriġ5. EndoEnd(o)otic: Living as a parasite within the host.ġ4. Endocrinology: The branch of End(o)ology dealing with the endocrine glands and their secretionġ3. Endocrinologist: A physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of conditions affecting the endocrine system.ġ2. Endosmosis: Osmosis in which fluid is absorbed into a cell from a surrounding fluid.ġ1. Endophasia: Internalized, inaudible speech.ġ0. Endophage: Feeding from within the food source.ĩ. Endoparasite: Any parasite which lives in the internal organs of an animalĨ. Endoophage: A reference to insect larvae that hatch from eggs deposited within host eggs and feed upon the contents of those eggs.Ħ. Endogean: Living within or near the surface of the ground.ĥ. Endogamy: The custom of marrying only within the limits of a clan or a tribe.ģ. Endoectothrix: A fungus that produces spores both on the interior and exterior of the hairs.Ģ. Words Based on the End(o)- Root Wordįollowing is a list of words based on the End(o)- Root Word:ġ. End(o) root word originates from Greek, endon, meaning internal.įor instance, An endo-scope is an instrument which can be introduced into the body to give a view of its internal parts an endoskeleton is an internal skeleton, such as that of vertebrates the endocardium is the thin, smooth membrane which lines the inside of the chambers of the heart the endometrium is the mucous membrane lining the womb endarterectomy is surgical removal of part of the inner lining of an artery.
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